Toward a New NATO Strategy

Toward a New NATO Strategy / Auf dem Weg zu einer neuen NATO-Strategie:

This collection of primary sources and analysis is made available to provide those interested in the development of a new strategic concept for NATO with a single point of access to major sources and background information. If you think a source or some background analysis is missing, please don’t hesitate to provide us with a copy by email to bits[at]bits.de. We will update this collection as additional documents become available.

Diese Sammlung von Quellen und Analysen soll denjenigen, die sich für die Entwicklung einer neuen NATO-Strategie interessieren, einen möglichst umfassenden Zugriff ermöglichen. Wenn Sie eine Quelle oder ein Dokument vermissen, bitten wir Sie um Zusendung per Email an bits[at]bits.de. Wir werden diese Sammlung regelmäßig mit weiteren Dokumenten aktualisieren.

NATO’s Strategy Documents (history and current)

MC Directive for Military Implementation of the Alliance’s Strategic Concept, MC400/2, 23 May 2000 (N/A - unpublished)
The Alliance’s Strategic Concept, NAC-S(99/65), Washington DC, 23-24 April 1999 (pdf)
MC Directive for Military Implementation of the Alliance’s Strategic Concept, MC400/1, 3 June 1996 (N/A unpublished)
MC Directive for Military Implementation of the Alliance’s Strategic Concept, MC400, 9 December 1991 (N/A unpublished)
The Alliance’s New Strategic Concept, Rome, 7-8 November 1991 (pdf)
The Future Tasks of the Alliance – Report of the Council, Brussels, 14. December 1967(Harmel Report) (pdf)
Overall Strategic Concept for the Defense of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization Area, MC 14/3 (final), 22 September 1967, declassified (Flexible Response) (pdf)
Overall Strategic Concept for the Defense of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization Area, MC 14/2 (revised), 21 February 1957, declassified (Massive Retaliation) (pdf)
NATO Strategic Guidance, MC 14/1 (final), declassified (Defense Buildup and Collective Defense), 9 December 1952, (pdf)
Strategic Concept for the Defense of the North Atlantic Area, DC 6/1, declassified (Strategy of Deterrence and Defense Specialization), 1 December 1949 (pdf)

Other Primary Documents of Interest

NATO Group of Experts: NATO 2020: Assured Security; Dynamic Engagement – Analysis and Recommendations of the Group of Experts an a New Strategic Concept for NATO, Brussels, 17 May 2010 (pdf)
NATO Parliamentary Assembly: The Assembly’s Contribution to the New Strategic Concept of the Alliance, Brussels, 13 April 2010 (doc)
Allied Command Transformation, Multiple Futures Project: Navigating Towards 2030, Final Report, Norfolk, April 2009 (pdf) and Annexes (pdf)
Allied Command Transformation, Multiple Futures Project: Interim Report on Security Implications, Norfolk, December 2008 (pdf)
Allied Command Transformation: Future Security Environment, First Edition, Norfolk, March 2007 (pdf)
NATO: Strategic Vision: The Military Challenge, Brussels/Norfolk, August 2004 (pdf)

Preparing for a New NATO-Strategy – Discussion Papers & Reports

Chivvis, Christopher S.: Recasting NATO’s Strategic Concept – Possible Directions for the United States, RAND, Santa Monica, 2009 (pdf)
Wittmann, Klaus: Towards a New Strategic Concept for NATO, NATO Defence College, Forum Paper 10, Rome, September 2009 (pdf)
Kamp, Karl-Heinz: The Way to NATO’s new Strategic Concept, NATO Defence College, Research Paper 46, Rome, June 2009 (pdf)
de Spiegeleire, S., van Hooft, P., Culpepper, C., Willems, R.: Closing the loop, The Hague Center for Strategic Studies, The Hague, April 2009, (link to part 1 of 7) and complete study (pdf)
Korteweg, Rem, Podkolinski, Richard: New Horizons – Finding a Way from NATO’s de-solidarization, The Hague Center for Strategic Studies, The Hague, March 2009 (pdf)
Kupferschmidt, Frank: Einen Beitrag zu globaler Sicherheit leisten – Überlegungen zu einem neuen strategischen Konzept der Atlantischen Allianz, SWP, Berlin, März 2009 (pdf) (forthcoming – not yet available)
Daniel Hamilton et al.: Alliance Reborn: An Atlantic Compact for the 21st Century, The Washington NATO Project (ACUS, CSIS, CTNSP, CTR), Washington DC, February 2009 (pdf)
Stephen F. Larabee and Julian Lindlay-French: Revitalizing the Transatlantic Security Partnership – An Agenda for Action, Bertelsmann-Stiftung Venusberg-Gruppe und Rand Corporation, Gütersloh/Santa Monica, February 2009 (pdf)
Jens Ringsmose and Sten Rynning: Come home NATO? – The Alliance’s New Strategic Concept, Danish Institute for International Studies, DIIS Report 2009:04, Copenhagen, 2009 (pdf)
Ronja Kempin: Frankreichs neuer NATO-Kurs – Sinneswandel, Pragmatismus, Politik für Europa?, SWP, Februar 2009 (pdf)
de Wijk, Rob: Revitalizing the Transatlantic Security Partnership, The Hague, January 2009,(pdf)
Riccardo Alcaro (ed): Relaunching the Trans-Atlantic Security Partnership, IAI Quaderni, Rome, November 2008 (pdf)
Richard L. Kugler and Hans Binnendijk: Toward a New Transatlantic Compact, Center for Technology and National Security Policy, National Defense University, Washington DC, August 2008 (pdf)
William Williams and Alistair Cameron: NATO’s Strategic and Operational Challenges, RUSI, Occasional Paper, London, 2008 (pdf)
Klaus Naumann, John Shalikashvili et al.: Towards a Grand Strategy for an Uncertain World – Renewing Transatlantic Partnership, Noaber Foundation, Lunteren, 2007 (pdf)
Helga Haftendorn: Das Atlantische Bündnis in der Anpassungskrise, SWP, Berlin, Februar 2005 (pdf)
Pavel Necas: Beyond Tradition – A New Strategic Concept for NATO?, NATO Defence College, Research Paper 11, September 2004 (pdf)

Important Issues for a New NATO-Strategy

1. Nuclear Deterrence / Abschreckung

Department of Defense: Nuclear Posture Review, Washington DC, 6 April 2010 (pdf)
Chalmers, Malcom, Lunn, Simon: NATO’s Tactical Nuclear Dilemma, Occasional Paper, RUSI, London, March 2010 (pdf)
Michael Paul / Oliver Thränert: Abrüstung, Abschreckung und Abwehr – Die neue Nukleardoktrin der USA – Abstimmungsbedarf in der Allianz, SWP-Aktuell, Berlin, March 2010 (pdf)
Nassauer, Otfried: Atomwaffen in Europa – Abrüstung oder Umrüstung?, Friedensforum 2/2010, Bonn, March 2010
Miller, Franklin / Robertson, George / Schake, Kori: Germany opens Pandora’s Box, CER Briefing Paper, London, February 2010 (pdf)
NATO Defence College: NATO’s Nuclear Deterrent and it’s relevance in the 21st Century, Course Material, Rome, February 2010 (pdf)
Nassauer, Otfried: Obama in der Ab- Aufrüstungsfalle, Friedensforum 1/2010, Bonn, January 2010
Woolf, Amy F.: Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons, Congressional Research Service, Washington, 10 August 2009 (pdf)
Kamp, Karl-Heinz / Yost, David S. (ed): NATO and 21st Century Deterrence, NATO Defence College, Forum Paper 8, May 2009 (pdf)
Rühle, Michael: Good and Bad Nuclear Weapons – Berlin’s Part in Shaping Nuclear Reality, Körber Policy Paper No 3, Hamburg, April 2009 (pdf)
Ian Anthony: The Future Role of Nuclear Weapons in NATO, Friedrich Ebert Foundation, Berlin/Stockholm, March 2009 (pdf)
Regehr, Ernie: NATO’s Strategic Concept and the Emerging Nuclear Abolition Imperative, Project Ploughshares, Ottawa, February 2009 (pdf)
Department of Defense: Report of the Secretary of Defense Task Force on DoD Nuclear Weapons Management – Phase 2: Review of the DoD Nuclear Mission, Washington DC, December 2008 (pdf)
Department of Defense: Report of the Secretary of Defense Task Force on DoD Nuclear Weapons Management – Phase 1: The Air Force Nuclear Mission, Washington DC, September 2008 (pdf)
Jeffrey A. Larsson: The Future of U.S. Non-Strategic Nuclear Weapons and Implications for NATO, NATO Manfred-Woerner-Fellowship Paper, Brussels, 31 October 2006 (pdf)

2. Enlargement / Erweiterung & Article 5

Razoux, Pierre: What future for NATO’s Istanbul Cooperation Initiative, NATO Defence College, Rome, January 2010 (pdf)
Razoux, Pierre: What future for Georgia?, NATO Defence College, Rome, June 2009 (pdf)
Kosanic, Zoran: Obstacles to FYRM’s Membership of NATO – A Tougher Agenda than Expected, NATO Defence College, Rome, February 2009 (pdf)

3. Out of Area –Operations / Auslandseinsätze

Gaub, Florence: NATO: Peacekeeing in the Holy Land? A Feasibility Study, NATO Defence College, Rome, March 2010 (pdf)
NATO Defence Council: Will NATO ever (again) throw the first punch?, Course Material, Rome, February 2010 (pdf)
Schnaubelt, Christopher M.: NATO and the new U.S. Af-Pak Strategy, NATO Defence College, Rome, September 2009 (pdf)
Morelli, Vincent; Belkin, Paul: NATO in Afghanistan: A Test of the Transatlantic Alliance, Congressional Research Service, Washington, 25 August 2009 (pdf)
Barton, Frederik; von Hippel, Karin: Afghanistan and Pakistan on the Brink, Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington, February 2009, (pdf)

4. New Security Tasks / Neue Aufgaben

NATO Defence College: Energy Security – a future task for NATO, Course Material, Rome, February 2010 (pdf)
NATO Defence College: Why NATO should transform into a Global Security Organization, Course Material, Rome, February 2010, (pdf)
Scheffler, Alessandro: Piracy – threat or nuisance, NATO Defence College, Rome, February 2010 (pdf)
Ischebek-Baum, Frederik: Counter-piracy Operations: The legal Regime in a Nutshell, NATO Defence Council, Rome, August 2009 (pdf)

5. NATO and ESDP / NATO und ESVP

de Vasconcelos, Alvaro (ed): What Ambitions for European Defence in 2020, EU Institute for Security Studies, 2nd Edition, Paris, October 2010 (pdf)
Grevi, Giovanni, Helly, Damien, Keohane, Daniel (eds): European Security and Defence Policy – The first ten Years (1999-2009), EU Institute for Security Studies, Paris, October 2009 (pdf)
Bertelsmann Stiftung / Venusberg Group: Beyond 2010 – European Grand Strategy in a Global Age, Munich, 2007 (pdf)

6. Capabilities / Fähigkeiten

Ringsmose, Jens: Taking Stock of NATO’s Response Force, NATO Defence College, Rome, January 2010 (pdf)
Taylor, Steven C.: The NATO Special Operations Forces Transformation Initiative – Opportunities and Challenges, Thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, March 2009 (pdf)

7. NATO-Russia Relations / NATO-Russland-Verhältnis

Valasek, Thomas: NATO, Russia and European Security, CER Working Paper, London, November 2009 (pdf)

8. Other Issues / Andere Themen

NATO Parliamentary Assembly, Subcommittee on Transatlantic Defence and Security Cooperation, Arnadottir, Ragnheidur (Rapporteur): Security at the top of the world – Is there a NATO role in the High North, Draft Report, Brussels, 15 March 2010 (doc) NEW
Smith-Windsor, Brooke: Securing the Commons – Towards NATO’s new Maritime Strategy, NATO Defence College, Rome, September 2009 (pdf)
Holtsmark, Sven G.: Towards confrontation or Cooperation? Security in the High North, NATO Defence College, Rome, February 2009 (pdf)
Cameron, Alastair / Maulney, Jean Pierre: France’s NATO Integration – Fresh Views with the Sarkozy Presidency, RUSI, Occasional Paper, London, February 2009 (pdf)

NATO-Strategy – Analysis & Background

Die nukleare NATO – ein Problemaufriss, Otfried Nassauer, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, Juli 2010 (html und pdf)
Die NATO – Aufbruch zu neuen Ufern? – Analyse und Entstehungsgeschichte des Strategischen Konzeptes der NATO von 1991 sowie des Dokumentes MC 400, Otfried Nassauer, Buchbeitrag in: Angerer, Jo/Schmidt-Eenboom, Erich: Siegermacht NATO, Berg am See, 1993 (only pdf)

Links to useful websites